MyBatis 动态SQL之<choose><when><otherwise>标签-
简介
MyBatis 中动态语句 choose-when-otherwise 类似于 Java 中的 switch-case-default 语句。由于 MyBatis 并没有为 if 提供对应的 else 标签,如果想要达到…… 的效果,可以借助 、、 来实现。
语法
SQL语句1
SQL语句2
SQL语句3
SQL语句4
hoose 标签按顺序判断其内部 when 标签中的判断条件是否成立,如果有一个成立,则执行相应的 SQL 语句,choose 执行结束;如果都不成立,则执行 otherwise 中的 SQL 语句。这类似于 Java 的 switch 语句,choose 为 switch,when 为 case,otherwise 则为 default。
场景示例
MyBatis 就会根据参数的设置进行判断来动态组装 SQL
以下示例要求:
- 当网站名称不为空时,只用网站名称作为条件进行模糊查询;
- 当网站名称为空,而网址不为空时,则用网址作为条件进行模糊查询;
- 当网站名称和网址都为空时,则要求网站年龄不为空。
SELECT id,name,url,age,country
FROM website WHERE 1=1
AND name LIKE CONCAT('%',#{name},'%')
AND url LIKE CONCAT('%',#{url},'%')
AND age is not null
choose-when-otherwise标签-完整案例
1.数据库准备
# 创建一个名称为t_customer的表
CREATE TABLE t_customer (
id int(32) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username varchar(50),
jobs varchar(50),
phone varchar(16)
);
# 插入3条数据
INSERT INTO t_customer VALUES ('1', 'joy', 'teacher', '13733333333');
INSERT INTO t_customer VALUES ('2', 'jack', 'teacher', '13522222222');
INSERT INTO t_customer VALUES ('3', 'tom', 'worker', '15111111111');
2.新建项目或Module

3 pom.xml中添加
mybatis
com.example
1.0-SNAPSHOT
4.0.0
com.biem
dynamaicSql
8
8
org.mybatis
mybatis
3.4.6
junit
junit
4.12
test
mysql
mysql-connector-java
8.0.18
runtime
log4j
log4j
1.2.17
org.projectlombok
lombok
1.18.16
4.创建package和文件夹
src/main/java/下创建package
com.biem.pojo
com.biem.mapper
com.biem.util
src/main/resources/下创建文件夹
com/biem/mapper
src/test/java下创建package
com.biem.test
5 框架配置文件
5.1 mybatis核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml
5.2 mybatis属性文件jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root
5.3 log4j.xml文件
6 用户配置文件
6.1 实体类
package com.biem.pojo;
import lombok.*;
/**
* ClassName: Customer
* Package: com.biem.pojo
* Description:
*
* @Create 2023/4/5 22:17
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
@ToString
public class Customer {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String jobs;
private String phone;
}
需要在pom.xml中引入lombok,简化原来的实体类的代码
6.2 mybatis接口类
package com.biem.mapper;
/**
* ClassName: CustomerMapper
* Package: com.biem.mapper
* Description:
*
* @Create 2023/4/5 22:19
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface CustomerMapper {
}
6.3 mybatis用户配置文件
6.4 mybatis工具类
package com.biem.util;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* ClassName: MybatisUtil
* Package: com.biem.utils
* Description:
*
* @Create 2023/4/5 22:23
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class MybatisUtil {
//利用static(静态)属于类不属于对象,且全局唯一
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
//利用静态块在初始化类时实例化sqlSessionFactory
static {
InputStream is= null;
try {
is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
}
}
/**
* openSession 创建一个新的SqlSession对象
* @return SqlSession对象
*/
public static SqlSession openSession(boolean autoCommit){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(autoCommit);
}
public static SqlSession openSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
/**
* 释放一个有效的SqlSession对象
* @param session 准备释放SqlSession对象
*/
public static void closeSession(SqlSession session){
if(session != null){
session.close();
}
}
}
项目结构如下

7 标签功能测试
在使用if标签时,只要test属性中的表达式为true,就会执行元素中的条件语句,但是在实际情况下有时只需要从多个选项中选择一个去执行,比如下面的场景:
当查询数据库t_customer时,
客户姓名不为空,则只根据客户名称进行客户筛选,
当客户名称为null的时候,可客户职业不为空,则根据客户职业进行筛选,
当客户名称和客户职业都为空的时候,要求查询电话不为空的客户
7.1 com.biem.mapper.CustomerMapper.class中添加
public List findCustomerByCondition(Customer customer);
7.2 com/biem/mapper/CustomerMapper.xml中添加
<!-- public List findCustomerByCondition(Customer customer);-->
select * from t_customer where 1=1
and username like concat('%',#{username},'%')
and jobs=#{jobs}
and phone is not null
8 功能测试
在src/test/java中创建类com.biem.test.TestCustomer.java,内容如下
package com.biem.test;
import com.biem.mapper.CustomerMapper;
import com.biem.pojo.Customer;
import com.biem.util.MybatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
/**
* ClassName: TestCustomer
* Package: com.biem.test
* Description:
*
* @Create 2023/4/5 22:32
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class TestCustomer {
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
// 通过工具类获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = MybatisUtil.openSession();
// 创建Customer对象,封装需要组合查询的条件
Customer customer = new Customer();
CustomerMapper mapper = session.getMapper(CustomerMapper.class);
List customers = mapper.findCustomerByCondition(customer);
System.out.println("customers = " + customers);
// 关闭SqlSession
session.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindCustomerByName(){
// 通过工具类获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = MybatisUtil.openSession();
// 创建Customer对象,封装需要组合查询的条件
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setUsername("jack");
CustomerMapper mapper = session.getMapper(CustomerMapper.class);
List customers = mapper.findCustomerByCondition(customer);
System.out.println("customers = " + customers);
// 关闭SqlSession
session.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindCustomerByJobs(){
// 通过工具类获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = MybatisUtil.openSession();
// 创建Customer对象,封装需要组合查询的条件
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setJobs("teacher");
CustomerMapper mapper = session.getMapper(CustomerMapper.class);
List customers = mapper.findCustomerByCondition(customer);
System.out.println("customers = " + customers);
// 关闭SqlSession
session.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindCustomerByPhone(){
// 通过工具类获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession session = MybatisUtil.openSession();
// 创建Customer对象,封装需要组合查询的条件
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setPhone("1");
CustomerMapper mapper = session.getMapper(CustomerMapper.class);
List customers = mapper.findCustomerByCondition(customer);
System.out.println("customers = " + customers);
// 关闭SqlSession
session.close();
}
}
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