python–飞机大战（课程设计）

项目名称：python飞机大战

编程语言：python

用到关键知识：pygame模块，python基础，os文件读写，以及面向对象思想方法！

实现功能：

1：飞机的移动，发射子弹，手雷，生命值，生命条

2：敌飞机有3种形态（小，中，大）不同的飞机大小不一样，生命值不一样，爆炸动画也不一样

3：背景音乐，子弹击中敌机会发生碰撞的爆炸动画和音效

4：随机产生补给（双射子弹和全屏炸弹）

5：难度逐渐增加（同一屏幕出现的飞机更多）

6：历史最高分纪录

项目分析：一个类文件（Main.py）,音乐音效共计10余种，照片素材共计30余张，代码共计800行左右！

代码如下：（一个类文件（800行代码））

import pygame
import sys
import traceback
from pygame.locals import *
from random import *
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
bg_size = width, height = 480, 700
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size)
pygame.display.set_caption('飞机大战')
background = pygame.image.load('images/background.png').convert()
# 定义颜色
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
# 载入音乐
pygame.mixer.music.load('sound/bjmusic.wav')
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.1)
bullet_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/bullet.wav')
bullet_sound.set_volume(0.2)
bomb_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/use_bomb.wav')
bomb_sound.set_volume(0.2)
supply_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/supply.wav')
supply_sound.set_volume(0.2)
get_bomb_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/get_bomb.wav')
get_bomb_sound.set_volume(0.2)
get_bullet_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/get_bullet.wav')
get_bullet_sound.set_volume(0.2)
upgrade_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/upgrade.wav')
upgrade_sound.set_volume(0.2)
enemy3_fly_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/enemy3_flying.wav')
enemy3_fly_sound.set_volume(0.6)
enemy1_down_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/enemy1_down.wav')
enemy1_down_sound.set_volume(0.2)
enemy2_down_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/enemy2_down.wav')
enemy2_down_sound.set_volume(0.2)
enemy3_down_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/enemy3_down.wav')
enemy3_down_sound.set_volume(0.2)
me_down_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sound/me_down.wav')
me_down_sound.set_volume(0.2)
# 设置我的飞机类：设置我的飞机类：设置我的飞机类：设置我的飞机类：设置我的飞机类

class MyPlane(pygame.sprite.Sprite):

    def __init__(self, bg_size):
        super(MyPlane, self).__init__()

        self.image1 = pygame.image.load('images/me1.png').convert_alpha()
        self.image2 = pygame.image.load('images/me2.png').convert_alpha()
        self.destroy_images = []
        self.destroy_images.extend([
            pygame.image.load('images/me_destroy_1.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/me_destroy_2.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/me_destroy_3.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/me_destroy_4.png').convert_alpha()
            ])
        self.rect = self.image1.get_rect()
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.active = True
        self.invincible = False
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image2)
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = (self.width - self.rect.width) // 2, self.height - self.rect.height - 60
        self.speed = 10

    def moveUp(self):
        if self.rect.top > 0:
            self.rect.top -= self.speed
        else:
            self.rect.top = 0

    def moveDown(self):
        if self.rect.bottom  0:
            self.rect.left -= self.speed
        else:
            self.rect.left = 0

    def moveRight(self):
        if self.rect.right < self.width:
            self.rect.right += self.speed
        else:
            self.rect.right = self.width

    def reset(self):
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = (self.width - self.rect.width) // 2, self.height - self.rect.height - 60
        self.active = True
        self.invincible = True
# 设置敌人的飞机：# 设置敌人的飞机：# 设置敌人的飞机：# 设置敌人的飞机：# 设置敌人的飞机

class SmallEnemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    energy = 1

    def __init__(self, bg_size):
        super(SmallEnemy, self).__init__()

        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/enemy1.png').convert_alpha()
        self.destroy_images = []
        self.destroy_images.extend([
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy1_down1.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy1_down2.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy1_down3.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy1_down4.png').convert_alpha()
        ])
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.active = True
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)
        self.speed = 2
        self.reset()
        self.energy = SmallEnemy.energy
        self.hit = False

    def move(self):
        if self.rect.top < self.height:
            self.rect.top += self.speed
        else:
            self.reset()
    def reset(self):
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), randint(-5 * self.height, 0)
        self.active = True
        self.energy = SmallEnemy.energy

class MidEnemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    energy = 8
    def __init__(self, bg_size):
        super(MidEnemy, self).__init__()

        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/enemy2.png').convert_alpha()
        self.destroy_images = []
        self.destroy_images.extend([
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy2_down1.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy2_down2.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy2_down3.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy2_down4.png').convert_alpha()
        ])
        self.image_hit = pygame.image.load('images/enemy2_hit.png').convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.active = True
        self.speed = 1
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)
        self.reset()
        self.energy = MidEnemy.energy
        self.hit = False

    def move(self):
        if self.rect.top < self.height:
            self.rect.top += self.speed
        else:
            self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), randint(-10 * self.height, -self.height)
        self.active = True
        self.energy = MidEnemy.energy

class BigEnemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    energy = 20

    def __init__(self, bg_size):
        super(BigEnemy, self).__init__()

        self.image1 = pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_n1.png').convert_alpha()
        self.image2 = pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_n2.png').convert_alpha()
        self.destroy_images = []
        self.destroy_images.extend([
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_down1.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_down2.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_down3.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_down4.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_down5.png').convert_alpha(),
            pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_down6.png').convert_alpha()
        ])
        self.image_hit = pygame.image.load('images/enemy3_hit.png').convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image1.get_rect()
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.active = True
        self.speed = 1
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image1)
        self.appear = False
        self.reset()
        self.energy = BigEnemy.energy
        self.hit = False
    def move(self):
        if self.rect.top < self.height:
            self.rect.top += self.speed
        else:
            self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top =  randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), randint(-20 * self.height, -10 * self.height)
        self.active = True
        self.energy = BigEnemy.energy

# 设置补给：# 设置补给：# 设置补给：# 设置补给：# 设置补给
class Bullet_Supply(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, bg_size):
        super(Bullet_Supply, self).__init__()

        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/bullet_supply.png').convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.rect.left, self.rect.bottom = randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), -100
        self.speed = 5
        self.active = False
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def move(self):
        if self.rect.top < self.height:
            self.rect.top += self.speed
        else:
            self.active = False

    def reset(self):
        self.active = True
        self.rect.left, self.rect.bottom = randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), -100


class Bomb_Supply(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, bg_size):
        super(Bomb_Supply, self).__init__()

        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/bomb_supply.png').convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.rect.left, self.rect.bottom = randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), -100
        self.speed = 5
        self.active = False
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def move(self):
        if self.rect.top < self.height:
            self.rect.top += self.speed
        else:
            self.active = False

    def reset(self):
        self.active = True
        self.rect.left, self.rect.bottom = randint(0, self.width - self.rect.width), -100

# 设置我方发射子弹类
class Bullet1(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, position):
        super(Bullet1, self).__init__()
        self.image = pygame.image.load("images/bullet1.png").convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = position
        self.speed = 12
        self.active = True
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def move(self):
        self.rect.top -= self.speed
        if self.rect.top < 0:
            self.active = False

    def reset(self, position):
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = position
        self.active = True

class Bullet2(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, position):
        super(Bullet2, self).__init__()

        self.image = pygame.image.load("images/bullet2.png").convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = position
        self.speed = 14
        self.active = False
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def move(self):
        self.rect.top -= self.speed
        if self.rect.top  0:
                                each.active = False
            elif event.type == SUPPLY_TIME:
                supply_sound.play()
                if choice([True, False]):
                    bomb_supply.reset()
                else:
                    bullet_supply.reset()

            elif event.type == DOUBLE_BULLTET_TIME:
                is_double_bullet = False
                pygame.time.set_timer(DOUBLE_BULLTET_TIME, 0)

            elif event.type == INVINCIBLE_TIME:
                me.invincible = False
                pygame.time.set_timer(INVINCIBLE_TIME, 0)

        # 根据用户得分增加难度
        if level == 1 and score > 5000:
            level = 2
            upgrade_sound.play()
            # 增加3架小型敌机, 2架中型敌机和1架大型敌机
            add_small_enemies(small_enemies, enemies, 3)
            add_mid_enemies(mid_enemies, enemies, 2)
            add_big_enemies(big_enemies, enemies, 1)

            # 提升小型敌机的速度
            inc_speed(target=small_enemies, inc=1)

        elif level == 2 and score > 30000:
            level = 3
            upgrade_sound.play()
            # 增加5架小型敌机, 3架中型敌机和2架大型敌机
            add_small_enemies(small_enemies, enemies, 5)
            add_mid_enemies(mid_enemies, enemies, 3)
            add_big_enemies(big_enemies, enemies, 2)
            # 提升小型敌机的速度
            inc_speed(target=small_enemies, inc=1)
            inc_speed(target=mid_enemies, inc=1)

        elif level == 3 and score > 60000:
            level = 4
            upgrade_sound.play()
            # 增加5架小型敌机, 3架中型敌机和2架大型敌机
            add_small_enemies(small_enemies, enemies, 5)
            add_mid_enemies(mid_enemies, enemies, 3)
            add_big_enemies(big_enemies, enemies, 2)

            # 提升小型敌机的速度
            inc_speed(target=small_enemies, inc=1)
            inc_speed(target=mid_enemies, inc=1)

        elif level == 4 and score > 100000:
            level = 5
            upgrade_sound.play()
            # 增加5架小型敌机, 3架中型敌机和2架大型敌机
            add_small_enemies(small_enemies, enemies, 5)
            add_mid_enemies(mid_enemies, enemies, 3)
            add_big_enemies(big_enemies, enemies, 2)

            # 提升小型敌机的速度
            inc_speed(target=small_enemies, inc=1)
            inc_speed(target=mid_enemies, inc=1)
            inc_speed(target=big_enemies, inc=1)
        screen.blit(background, (0, 0))

        if life_num and not paused:
            # 检测键盘按键操作
            key_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
            if key_pressed[K_w] or key_pressed[K_UP]:
                me.moveUp()
            if key_pressed[K_s] or key_pressed[K_DOWN]:
                me.moveDown()
            if key_pressed[K_a] or key_pressed[K_LEFT]:
                me.moveLeft()
            if key_pressed[K_d] or key_pressed[K_RIGHT]:
                me.moveRight()

            # 绘制全屏炸弹补给
            if bomb_supply.active:
                bomb_supply.move()
                screen.blit(bomb_supply.image, bomb_supply.rect)
                if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(me, bomb_supply):
                    get_bomb_sound.play()
                    if bomb_num  0.2:
                        energy_color = GREEN
                    else:
                        energy_color = RED
                    pygame.draw.line(screen, energy_color,
                                     (each.rect.left, each.rect.top - 5),
                                     (each.rect.left + each.rect.width * energy_remain,
                                      each.rect.top - 5),
                                     2)

                    if each.rect.bottom == -10:
                        enemy3_fly_sound.play(-1)
                        each.appear = True
                    # 离开画面, 关闭音效
                    if each.rect.bottom  0.2:
                        energy_color = GREEN
                    else:
                        energy_color = RED
                    pygame.draw.line(screen, energy_color,
                                     (each.rect.left, each.rect.top - 5),
                                     (each.rect.left + each.rect.width * energy_remain,
                                      each.rect.top - 5),
                                     2)
                else:
                    # 毁灭
                    if e2_destroy_index == 0:
                        enemy2_down_sound.play()
                    if not(delay % 2):
                        screen.blit(each.destroy_images[
                                    e2_destroy_index], each.rect)
                        e2_destroy_index = (e2_destroy_index + 1) % 4
                        if e2_destroy_index == 0:
                            score += 600
                            each.reset()

            # 绘制敌方小型机
            for each in small_enemies:
                if each.active:
                    each.move()
                    screen.blit(each.image, each.rect)
                else:
                    # 毁灭
                    if e1_destroy_index == 0:
                        enemy1_down_sound.play()
                    if not(delay % 2):
                        screen.blit(each.destroy_images[
                                    e1_destroy_index], each.rect)
                        e1_destroy_index = (e1_destroy_index + 1) % 4
                        if e1_destroy_index == 0:
                            score += 100
                            each.reset()

            # 检测我方飞机碰撞
            enemies_down = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(
                me, enemies, False, pygame.sprite.collide_mask)
            if enemies_down and not me.invincible:
                me.active = False
                for each in enemies_down:
                    each.active = False

            # 绘制我方飞机
            if me.active:
                if switch_plane:
                    screen.blit(me.image1, me.rect)
                else:
                    screen.blit(me.image2, me.rect)
            else:
                # 毁灭
                if me_destroy_index == 0:
                    me_down_sound.play()
                if not(delay % 2):
                    screen.blit(me.destroy_images[me_destroy_index], me.rect)
                    me_destroy_index = (me_destroy_index + 1) % 4
                    if me_destroy_index == 0:
                        life_num -= 1
                        me.reset()
                        pygame.time.set_timer(INVINCIBLE_TIME, 3 * 1000)

            # 绘制全屏炸弹数量
            bomb_text = bomb_font.render("× %d" % bomb_num, True, WHITE)
            text_rect = bomb_text.get_rect()
            screen.blit(bomb_image, (10, height - 10 - bomb_rect.height))
            screen.blit(bomb_text, (20 + bomb_rect.width,height - 5 - text_rect.height))
            # 绘制剩余生命数量
            if life_num:
                for i in range(life_num):
                    screen.blit(life_image,
                                ((width - 10 - (i + 1) * life_rect.width),
                                 height - 10 - life_rect.height))
            # 绘制得分
            score_text = score_font.render('Score : %d' % score, True, WHITE)
            screen.blit(score_text, (10, 5))

        #  绘制游戏结束画面
        elif life_num == 0:
            # 背景音乐停止
            pygame.mixer.music.stop()
            pygame.mixer.stop()

            # 停止发放补给
            pygame.time.set_timer(SUPPLY_TIME, 0)

            if not recorded:
                recorded =True
                # 读取历史最高分
                with open('record.txt', 'r') as f:
                    record_score = int(f.read())
                # 判断是否高于历史最高分
                if score > record_score:
                    with open('record.txt', 'w') as f:
                        f.write(str(score))

            # 绘制结束界面
            record_score_text = score_font.render("Best : %d" % record_score, True, (255, 255, 255))
            screen.blit(record_score_text, (10, 45))
            gameover_text1 = gameover_font.render("Your Score", True, (255, 255, 255))
            gameover_text1_rect = gameover_text1.get_rect()
            gameover_text1_rect.left, gameover_text1_rect.top = (width - gameover_text1_rect.width) // 2, height // 3
            screen.blit(gameover_text1, gameover_text1_rect)
            gameover_text2 = gameover_font.render(str(score), True, (255, 255, 255))
            gameover_text2_rect = gameover_text2.get_rect()
            gameover_text2_rect.left, gameover_text2_rect.top =(width - gameover_text2_rect.width) // 2, gameover_text1_rect.bottom + 10
            screen.blit(gameover_text2, gameover_text2_rect)

            again_rect.left, again_rect.top = (width - again_rect.width) // 2, gameover_text2_rect.bottom + 50
            screen.blit(again_image, again_rect)

            gameover_rect.left, gameover_rect.top = (width - again_rect.width) // 2, again_rect.bottom + 10
            screen.blit(gameover_image, gameover_rect)
            # 如果用户按下鼠标左键
            if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]:
                # 获取鼠标坐标
                pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                if again_rect.left < pos[0] < again_rect.right and again_rect.top < pos[1] < again_rect.bottom:
                    main()
                elif gameover_rect.left < pos[0] < gameover_rect.right and gameover_rect.top < pos[1] < gameover_rect.bottom:
                    pygame.quit()
                    sys.exit()
        screen.blit(paused_image, paused_rect)
        if not(delay % 11):
            switch_plane = not switch_plane
        delay -= 1
        if not delay:
            delay = 100
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(60)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

部分运行截图：